mandag 30. september 2019

Alan Menken - The Renaissance Tunesmith Who's Defined Disney For an Entire Generation

Hi folks! Welcome to my My Own Personal Nerdy Disney and Animation Scrutinizing Analysis blog. A blog where I'm analyzing several Disney films, Disney or Animation in general! These entries are just meant to be my analyses. Not reviews or statements. Just fun analyses! Though I'll make some personal remarks now and then, the content of these entries are meant to be depicted objectively. They're made for entertainment purpose only and the pictures/clips are copyright Disney or other companies. 

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I'm Walt's stand-in :)
If there's even been a component from Disney that's been truly cherished, then it's their music. And it's not strange to see why. Disney is usually known for the romantic phrase "outstanding animation and memorable music creates Disney magic". The music in Disney's properites is outstanding at it's very best. But the earliest music has often set such a standard that the following tunes have usually been compared to their predecessors. And regardless of Disney being basically known for the Broadway Formula, it's still a trope that Disney is associable with for the mere reason for frequently using it.
Usually in my entries I've happened to mention that Disney is often scrutinized or cherished for their spcific components. Yet not coincidentially, the music is often discussed at the last parts in my entries. Througout Disney's long history there's been several songwriters who's been regular tunesmiths and made their impact on Disney's legacy. Some of them are actually well known (as for example the Sherman Brothers). But it's remarkable how some of them haven`t been regular tunesmith`s in a row.
I'm not Mozart, nor am
I copying him :)
One of the famous of the new contributors at Disney was Alan Menken. Menken has always been associated with the company and deservedly so. And he's contributed to the Disney in various aspects more than one. While it's completely hackneyed to say this, he's been truly one that has truly impacted a whole generation with his music. Having finally turned 70 in July of 2019, this entry was originally supposed to synergize with his Anniversary. But fate wanted it otherwise, so it was written two months later. But still to celebrate his Anniversary, so hey. It still counts.













Trivia & Backstory

Alan Irwin Menken was born July 22, 1949 in New Rochelle, New York (at French Hospital). Being the son of actress and writer Judy Menken and boogie-woogie piano-playing dentist Dr. Norman Menken (in a family of several dentists), Menken lived in Astoria, Queens and came from a Jewish background, mixed with Eastern European and German ancestry. Alan was a two months premature, having a breech birth. When he was 2 years old, he could vocally hit a note his father played for him on the piano perfectly by Rodgers and Hart, Gershwin songs book and some Broadway tunes. His father had the biggest Collection of 33 1/3 albums of musical shows, going back to South Pacific. Alan tried to play the piano as toddler. And as hackneyd as it sounds, music is where Alan wanted to feel free and fly.
He was more interested in creating his own tunes as a child, than practicing the songs assigned to him by his piano and violin teachers. At age 9, at the New York Federation of Music Clubs Junior Composers Contest, his original violin composition Bouree was rated excellent by the judges. Menken started originally to play the piano with Mr. Higgs and later, Emily Harris. Afterwards he took the violin, where his violin teacher, Areth Abraham, encouraged him to compose. Menken was credited for his skills at his young age. He thought first that conducting meant to point to the notes, making himself tired. He listened to Tchaikovsky's 6th Symphony and imagining what it was about, he realized that it was more than music. Instead of learning pieces, Alan would get the basic idea of a Beethoven Sonata or a Bartok`s Mikrokosmos. He spend the rest of his practice time faking his own compositions in those styles. When his teachers realized what he was doing, they wisely suggested that it be encouraged.















Trivia & Backstory Part II

Alan went to NYU as a pre-med. Afterwards he went to school in 1967, having a teacher Lehman Engel. Who teached him the structure of a musical. In 1967 he was a concert master for the New Rochelle High School.. taking orchestral occasional musical liberties with variations on the themes of The Masters. He drifted from Pre-Med to anthropology to philosophy, to finally graduating with a Bachelor's degree in musicology from University College of Arts and Science. In december 1968, he wrote his first full musical, Separate Ways. produced at NYU. A fellow student, Elyce Wakerman, wrote the book. Which was a rock musical about hippies living in an apartment building with more conservative neighbors. 
In 1971, Alan was admitted into the BMI Musical Theater Workshop. Mentored by conductor/composer Lehman Engel. Also in 1971, he wrote Children Of The World. A rock ballet for the Downtown Ballet Company. In a review it was sai that “His score has the vigor of protest. Yet it`s lyrical, affecting and effective.” Menken became afterwards a part of a community of writers who wrote for a living. He performed in clubs and wrote jingles. And right out of college he wrote a rock ballet, where the Downtown Ballet Company commissioned him to do it.
Afterwards he put together a band. A ballet dancer joined the company in 1972, Janis Roswick. Who later became his wife (he greeted her when she was meditating and she wanted to get her meditation done before greeting him), having written a song for her. They married that same year. Despite how Alan’s plan was to become a rock-star/recording artist, he would dabble in writing musicals. And through that workshop found his first and best network for learning and growing into the composer we now know. During 1974 to 1978, BMI showcased Midnight, Apartment House (lyrics by Muriel Robinson), Conversations with Pierre, Harry the Rat, Messiah on Mott Street.










Alan`s Previous Work

Alan Menken is mostly associated with Disney. But happens to have a long resume besides the House of Mouse. Between 1975 and 1979, Alan performed on the New York City Cabaret Circuit. In addition to showcasing his own music, he also acted as musical director and arranger for other performers. He often played The Ballroom, Reno Sweeny and Tramps. He contributed material to revues like New York's Back In Town, Big Apple Country and The Present Tense
In 1979, Alan developed a review of his own material. In which he sang and played at the piano with 4 additional performers. Patch, Patch, Patch opened in the Summer of ’79 at the West Bank Café. In what is now The Laurie Beechman Theater. That review garnered rave notices. But with Alan’s focus moving towards new partnerships, the show was never seen past that run. In 1980, along with lyricist-librettist Steve Brown, Alan wrote this send-up of Flash Gordon as told from the point of view of Ming the Merciless called Atina, Evil Queen of the Galaxy. It was produced by Michael Bennett and directed by Tom O’Horgan. 
At least it's not Patch
of Heaven :)
Also in 1980, The Thorn was w
Not copyright
Rihanna

anymore :)
ritten as a vehicle for divine; a send-up of The
Rose. In which a rock performer clutches and claws her way to the top over the dead bodies of all those who loved and supported her. Also in 1980, Alan composed two songs The Wind Knows Better Than I and Home Again America for The Line. And also in 1980, Jingles was composed during the more “financially challenging” times. Kudos to David Lucas for the much needed support. In February 11, 1981, Real Life Funnies was written. Based on the village voice cartoon strip by Stan Mack. It opened off Broadway at the Manhattan Theatre Club. June 1982 saw The Dream On Royal Street, which was written with lyricist David Rogers to go straight into the stock and amateur market. Based on A Midsummer Night’s Dream, it was developed and performed as part of the Theater Curriculum at Southern Methodist University in Dallas. Lehman Engel accompanied Alan to Dallas to critique and help, as part of his relationship with the University's program. Sadly, it marked the last time they were to be together. Alan considers Lehman his most vital and important teacher. 
Ursula would've
loved this :)
In december 15, 1983, Kicks was written. Tom Eyen (Dreamgirls) approached Menken with an original story about a group of dancers at the Roxy Theater and the way their lives develop and interweave. The story starts at the advent of World War 2 and continues to the 1970’s, as their way of life disappears. In December 16, 1984 Diamonds opens off Broadway at the Circle in the Square Downtown. It featured the poignant In the Cards with lyrics by David Zippel (who would later collaborate with Menken to pen for Hercules). November 24 1985, Personals opens off Broadway. With two songs penned by Alan, I'd Rather Dance Alone and I Could Always Go To You. Lyrics by David Crane, Seth Friedman, and Marta Kauffman.













Alan`s Previous Work Part II

Alan Menken continued to work througout the late 1980's. The Apprenticeship of Duddy Kravitz opened in Zellerbach Theatre, Philadelphia, September 1986. With Menken providing the music and lyrics by David Spencer. In 1989, he did Polly: The Wonderful World of Disney. Based on Disney's Pollyanna, inspired from the classic novel from the same name (Menken and Jack Feldman wrote a song for it called By Your Side). In 1990, Cartoon All-Stars To The Rescue was a project that came to Alan and Howard Ashman as a request from Roy Disney, Jr. to pen an anti drug song. “Back in the late 60's I would not have been the poster boy for this cause. But when we were asked to write Wonderful Ways to Say No, how could we say no?”
And believe it or not, but Alan wrote music and lyrics for Measure Of A Man, the closing credits song for the Rocky V. film with Sly Stallone. Records in London with Elton John performing. Alan was a Civil War buff growing up. Mostly based on the fascination of the old photos of soldiers and politicians and the America of the 1860’s had for him. So in 1992, when Peter Kunhardt asked him if he’d be interested in scoring a mini-series about Abraham Lincoln for ABC, simply called Lincoln, he was very inclined to say “yes”. His influences are pretty easy to identify; Aaron Copland and Randy Newman.
Without any r
angers :)
Also in 1992, Newsies from Walt Disney Pictures was released (a property that Menken is practically synonymous with). With songs by Alan, lyrics by Jack Feldman, score by J.A.C. Redford. And screenplay by Bob Tzudiker and Noni White and starring a young Christian Bale. Newsies had about a two week run at the Box Office. Another release in 1992, Weird Romance consisted of two one-act musicals with a curious mix of a science fiction framework around traditional themes; The generation gap, a love triangle and the archetypal conflict between those with power and those who had none. Opening at the WPA theatre 6/14/92 with music by Alan and lyrics by David Spencer. Alan wrote My Christmas Tree for Home Alone 2: Lost In New York, with lyrics by Jack Feldman. In June 1993, Life With Mickey was released (with Michael J. Fox), where he's scored the film. And collaborated with Stephen Schwartz (where his daughter Anna has a role).














Alan`s Other Works

In December 1994, A Christmas Carol previews at the Theatre at Madison Square Garden. With original music by Alan, lyrics by Lynn Ahrens, book by Mike Ockrent. The show ran seasonally for 10 years at the Theatre at Madison Square Garden. 10 years later, it was made for Television (With Kelsey Grammar, Jane Krakowski, Jennifer Love Hewitt and Jason Alexander)In 1997, Alan and Tim Rice were approached by the Jerusalem 3000 Committee to write a work dealing with the life of King David. Instead of performing the work at the Sultan’s Pool outside the walled city of Jerusalem, King David had its premiere at the New Amsterdam Theater on 42nd Street on Broadway.
In 2004, Noel was released (with Penelope Cruz). With original score and songs by Menken, lyrics by Stephen Schwartz and directed by Chazz Palminteri. In 2006, Menken composed the score for The Shaggy Dog. In 2009, Sister Act opened to rave reviews on the West End in London. With lyrics by Glenn Slater and Whoopi Goldberg (as the producer) took the stage for a brief stint, this time playing the role of Mother Superior. Following up on a successful run at the Paladium on the West End, Sister Act made a successful transition to Broadway. Patina Miller re-created her successful role as Deloris Von Cartier at the opening.
Alan and David Zippel co-wrote a song for 2011's Captain America entitled Star Spangled Man. After 10 years in the creative process,  Leap of Faith opened and closed in a very disappointingly short period of time. Despite the fact that it was nominated for a Tony Award for Best Musical. In 2013, ABC-TV's The Neighbors Sing Like A Larry Bird depicts the aliens expressing their artistic side by writing their own Broadway show.  
Well, Shaggy needed his
dog
avatar :)
With Alan behind the music and Glenn Slater with the lyrics. In January 2015 Menken joined Galavant, an ABC-TV series. This fairy-tale comedy was written by Dan Fogelman and lyrics by Glenn Slater. King Richard, a despotic ruler steals the rapturous Madalena, the love of Prince Galavant's life. Galavant, seeking revenge is appalled to find that Madalena has decided she actually prefers the King's wealth and power to Galavant's affections. In 2017 he wrote the song Strange Sensation for Holmes & Watson. As of 2019, Menken is reuniting with his Newsies creators Jack Feldman and Harvey Fierstein to develop a new musical called Greetings from Niagara Falls. A reading was held in January 2019. However, there is no word on future plans for the project at this time. As for TV series, in 2020 he wrote the song Spoiler Alert for Central Park and Star Spangled Man with David Zippel for The Falcon and the Soldier. In 2020 Alan and Slater were working on an musical adaptation of George Orwell`s The Animal Farm. However, Menken happened to work for Disney properties that has no relation to any movies. For Tokyo DisneySea, he wrote an original song called Compass of Your Heart. For Sindbad’s Storybook Voyage. As well as an unproduced stage musical based on the story of The Snow Queen, long before it became Frozen.












Alan`s Resume From His Works With Howard Ashman to The Disney Animated Features

Don't worry, someone brushes
my teeth for me :)
It may not be a shop,
but it's horror :)
Menken's very first musical was God Bless You, Mr. Rosewater with his late partner, Howard Ashman (who happened to be a year younger  and sharing various similarities with Menken. As their Jewish and German Ancestry). Menken attached himself to Ashman's sense of dramatic purpose and honed his music to tell the story. Menken came with valuable opinions and contributions, whereas Ashman was the one with the artistic compass (Ashman claimed Menken to be his brother and Menken cited that he was the fuel, while Ashman was the rocket). But of course what the duo was mostly known for, was 1982's The Little Shop of HorrorsBased on Roger Corman B-movie Classic (it moved to the Orpheum Theater and broke Box Office records for highest grossing off-Broadway show of all time). Horrors was eventually made into a film, released in December 1986 (who gave Alan his first Oscar nomination for the song Mean Green Mother From Outer Space). Horrors was revived again on Stage in 2019.
Well, I'm not so small
anymore :)
We had to share title,
otherwise
he would've eaten
me :)
But of course what Menken has been truly known and cherished for, is his work on the early and actual Renaissance films. Like The Little Mermaid, Beauty and the Beast and Aladdin. Due to their popularity, that association is fair. While his following work has received less recognition (due to their bad fates), at least Pocahontas, The Hunchback of Notre Dame and Hercules have still received praise for their own merits. Pocahontas' score is appreciated for it's sheer beauty. While Hunchback was a score where Menken truly broke the mold with it's sound and intensity. While Hercules has been labeled as the animated version of Horrors).
We smashed the range :)
Menken would contribute to following animated projects, as Home on the Range, Enchanted and Tangled. And regarding their 
overall legacy, there's no secret that Range's holds a reputation as a dud, so that's why that score is not as cherished. Enchanted's score, however, pretty much lays in the middle; While it's not as worshipped as Menken's best works, it's still received some recognition (he`s currently working on the music to it`s sequel, Disenchanted). With Tangled, however, it has the opposite fate of Range. Thanks to it's success, that score is more heralded.
Of course the overall opinions of which score is truly Menken's very
best is subjective. But there seems to be an overall consension that his first material pretty much outshines his following stuff. Since we live in a flamebaiting era of comparisons, there are several discussions about which score was truly his last great one. Yet for animated properties, Menken wrote the A Place Called Slaughter Race song for Ralph Breaks the Internet.












How Menken Composes Both Songs and Score, His Past As a Lyricist, The Reasons of Why His Music is So Beloved, Menken`s Trademark, Collaboration With Ashman, His Love For Disney & The Musical Styles He Used on The Movies That He`s Scored

While Menken may not be the first composer who's also worked on his own score as well as the songs, it's been something that he's known for doing (he recorded his musical themes on tape with his synthesizer and sent them to the animators. Which has helped them, yet his orchestration begins when the animation is almost completed). Mermaid was the first time where Menken composed the entire underscore (it's directors, John Musker and Ron Clements, labeled Menken's score as a silent movie score. Since he composed it before the animation). Despite this, Menken, was once a composer-lyricist, but haven't written lyrics because he "wanted to avoid sameness" in songs. And "becoming a more powerful composer when working with others." He said he thrives on the "social" quality of working with others.
In hindsight, it's easy to see why Menken's music is so beloved. It's because of Menken's ability to make truly wonderful music at his very best. Menken has his distinct, classical sound to his score that makes it instantly recognizable. Yet his score is suitable for Disney due to it actually sounding like Disney. But while Menken gets mostly credit for his songs, it's easy to see his evolution for his scores. Which he's self admitted that his scores for both Mermaid and Beauty were quite busy, as he's managed to write less frantic scores afterwards. However, Menken has proved that he's percetly able to handle a variety of styles flawlessly, no matter how you perceive it.
Yet it's thanks to Howard Ashman that Menken even got involved with Disney in the first place. Since they had offered various projects to Ashman. During that time, Alan became a father in 1985 and Walt's classics were coming out on VHS at the time. Which he bought to his daughters and being transported by Walt's magic by putting them on.
Of course what Menken and Ashman has brought to Disney was the Broadway Musical form to animation. To Beauty, he sought inspiration from Bach, Haydn and Mozart. To Aladdin, he took inspiration from the Jazz Cabaret. To Pocahontas, he sought in Native American Music, but also to musicals of the 50's. To Hunchback, he sought inspiration from French Cabaret, Church Music, Mozart, Medieval folk music and Gypsy Music. To Hercules he wanted to write something heroic, since it was a hero's concept. To Tangled he took inspiration from Joni Mitchell. In 1999, Menken said to remain "viable" he wanted to step away from the "big musical" to write something smaller, perhaps for Broadway.












The Comparisons To Howard Ashman, How Ashman Left a Gap To Fill, The Last Process With Ashman, Menken`s Following Collaborators, The Stage Adaptations of His Movies

While Menken usually rarely gets mentioned without mentioning Howard Ashman (truth to be told, guys), at least Menken has gotten his fair share of praise as well (not to discredit Howard). Yet the instant comparison with Ashman is after all fair (who despite being condescending, let Menken write what he wanted and gave Menken freedom), it's notable that Ashman left a missing gap that none of his following collaborators has been able to fill (not to discredit his followers, since they've been brilliant. But several reviewers and people have cited this issue as well).
It's well known that the unfortunate tragic incident about Howard's decease was told after when the duo had won the Academy Awards for Mermaid. The Disney team were collaborative to actually bring the production of Howard's songs to his house during the last time of his life (while Ashman could write a lyric and Menken did the rest of the work. Yet Menken cited that they were a four-armed animal while worked together). 
However, most of his followers have managed to work with Menken more than once. As Tim Rice, Stephen Schwartz (who were friends with Alan long before collaborating), David Zippel and Glenn Slater. Out of all of these collaborators, perhaps Schwartz have been the most worshiped of them by certain polls. He collaborated with Menken on two quite serious works. And managed to be a good, fulfilling lyricist. Menken and Ashman had originally started on Aladdin together before Tim Rice came along to collaborate on A Whole New World. And had originally written a full version of that story. Another one of Menken's most well known workers is orchestrator Danny Troob. Who's orchestrated Menken's work numerous times. While Menken has admitted that there are some definite tensions during working, it's been healthy tensions and not hostile ones.
I fell for the rose :)
It's also notable how Menken works with the stage adaptations the movies (with the exception of Pocahontas, which has been a stage show, but not making to Broadway). And have managed to bring something new to them. Of course his most famous one is Beauty. Who opened on Broadway at the Palace Theatre in 1994 (where it ran until 1999, when it moved to the Lunt-Fontanne). The show ran for 5,510 performances. It was nominated for 9 Tony Awards (one which was for Best Original Score), nominated for 10 Drama Desk Awards (including Outstanding Music). It won the Lawrence Olivier Award for Best New Musical and was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Musical Show Album. By the time the show closed in 2007, it had become the eight-longest-running musical in Broadway history. As for the live action remakes of the Renaissance movies, Menken`s worked on them, too. At least with both Beauty and Aladdin. Currently he`s co-working with Moana`s Lin-Manuel Miranda on Mermaid. Menken is also writing songs for the prequel/spin-off series to 2017's Beauty and the Beast titled The Little Town,  centered on Gaston and LeFou. Menken will also be an executive-producer on it. Alan even worked with Glenn Slater on the songs of Tangled`s spinoff show, Rapunzel`s Tangled Adventure which he won an EGOT Award for.













General Random Trivia and Accolades About Menken

Alan Menken have been usually praised by his collaborators (Don Hahn cites him to being the greatest collaborator). For being as interested in the story, character development and the motivation of the song. He's also known for being able to work fast. President of Walt Disney Music, Chris Montan, has declared him to be one of the greatest writers of this Century. Due to his impact on the movie business. Hahn have said there's been a renowned interest in musical theater after Menken's songs. And that Menken has a chip on his head, storing ideas. Menken himself have said that he would've liked if Walt Disney himself saw the same potential in him.
Otherwise, to talks about his overall awards: Having won 8 Academy Awards makes him one of the most award-winning composer alive. As well as having won several Golden Globes and having 14 Academy Awards nominations. In 1983, Alan was presented with the BMI Career Achievement Award. In 1998, Alan received the BMI Richard Kirk Film Lifetime Achievement Award. Presented by the late Frances Preston, former President of BMI.
In 1999, Alan received an Honorary Doctorate in Fine Arts from New York John Mauceri. Alan was the commencement speaker there. In 2001, he was awarded as a Disney Legend. Alan, along with Desmond Child, Albert Hammond, Loretta Lynn and John Sebastian was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame at the Marriot Marquis in New York City in summer 2008. Alan received the 2,422nd Star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in the category of Motion Pictures. In front of the El Capitan Theatre in 2010. 
Menken has confirmed his love for both Pop and Rock 'n' Roll music. For fun, Menken`s said, "I listen to music that transports me somewhere," including film soundtracks of John Williams and others, classical Music  He has a horse and plays tennis. His two daughters, aforementioned Anna Rose (being nurtured from everyone at Disney and reveals that it's awkward to hear drunk chicks sing A Whole New World) and the other one called Nora, are both into music. Yet Menken has said that he doesn't know the clubs that well.













Epilogue

We're Alan's groupies :)
Of course several Disney fans have wonder if Alan will ever be given the chance to score an entire Disney movie again. Still if I'm going to dare to be outspoken, there's was a rumor regarding Menken's position at the Revival era: About him being dismissed by John Lasseter. Which could've been a reason why he wasn't given the chance to score a film from his time. While Menken is not as prominent at Disney as he used to be, at least we could be glad about him still being at the company. 
One of his quotes about music has been: “Songs are a very familiar vocabulary to people. And I’ve always believed that you should be able to understand not only the feeling, but the content of the song. By just hearing the music and not even the lyrics. What you’re trying to say should be that clear.” His main motivation to write a song is to give his audience to something to take away with and to belong to them. Which certainly can be said about the way that he's impacted a whole generation. Since this entry was meant to celebrate his past 70th Anniversary, there`s nothing left to wish Alan Menken Happy 70th Anniversary and may you continue to have many more :)









References:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_Menken
Aladdin Platinum Edition
The Making of Beauty and The Beast (Bob Thomas)
Tale As Old As Time; The Art and making of Beauty and the Beast (Charles Salomon).
Aladdin: The Making of an Animated Film (John Culhane)
The Art of Pocahontas (Stephen Rebello)
Pocahontas Deluxe Edition Cav Laserdisc
The Little Mermaid Platinum Edition.
The Little Mermaid Walt Disney Signature Collection.The Legacy Collection: The Little Mermaid.
Beauty and the Beast Diamond Edition. 
Disney Adventures Magazine August 1996.
http://www.filmreference.com/film/46/Alan-Menken.html
https://www.discogs.com/artist/546819-Alan-Menken
http://www.alanmenken.com/m/timeline/
http://www.awardsdaily.com/2018/01/01/interview-alan-menken-beauty-beast-writing-magical-disney-songs/
http://www.playbill.com/article/hes-a-guest-composer-alan-menken-shares-thoughts-t-bmi-master-class-com-79059
https://d23.com/walt-disney-legend/alan-menken/
https://www.bmi.com/news/entry/10_questions_with_alan_and_anna_rose_menken
https://www.dvdizzy.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=1&t=30999&p=687130&hilit=vendetta#p687130